anthropology

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2026-03-30 · substack.com

Language Birth

Since 1960, the world has lost hundreds of languages — and gained thousands.

Toki Pona has only 120 words. None of them change form, in any way, in any context. The grammar is nearly the bare minimum — specified word order, and a few particles to denote a predicate, a direct object, subordination, negation. Interpreting any utterance takes a lot of context clues, or a lot…